Cache and cookies improve speed and session continuity, but stale data can occasionally cause loops, broken layouts, or expired-state errors.
Cache stores page resources such as images and scripts. Cookies often maintain session or preference information.
If a private window works, stored data or extensions in the normal profile are more likely to be involved.
Selective removal is usually preferable to clearing all browser data, which can sign the user out of unrelated services.
Close all related tabs and reopen the browser before testing again.
Clearing data cannot fix a permission restriction, locked account, or service outage.
